The American Revolution Of The United States - 1721 Words

Since the birth of the United States, there have been ideals at the core of the nation encouraging it to keep progressing. Infact, these ideals where the motivation for the colonies to become independent from Britain. Before the American Revolution, England had total control over the colonies. This allowed the king of England at this time, King George III, to take advantage of the colonies. The king imposed unfair laws onto the colonies such as the Stamp Act, the Townshend Acts and the Intolerable Act. With each of these acts made and enforced, the colonists felt that they were being ruled unjustly. To explain how they knew King George was treating them unfairly, the colonists agreed on certain ideals to be a guideline for how a government should be run. The ideals they decided upon where, Liberty, Democracy, Rights, Equality, and Opportunity. In order to take control of their government and rule with these ideals at the core of it, the colonists rebelled against England. This revolu tion is now known as the American Revolution, and is the reason the US is an independent country. During class, we looked at a couple of the most influential articles of writing made at this time and decided which of the American ideals it best embodied These document where Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence, and a Massachusetts slave petition called Denouncing Contradictions. The goals of each of these documents, was to convince the intended audience toShow MoreRelatedThe American Revolution : The United States1517 Words   |  7 PagesIvette Hernandez December 5, 2015 History 8A The American Revolution The United States of America has gone through a series of unimaginable events and drastic occurrences to become the powerful nation it is today. Many of these events have shaped the United States, and I think a key factor in how the United States works today resulted from the American Revolution. The American Revolution did not just affect North America, but also the world when it brought a strong superpower into the image. AlthoughRead MoreThe American Revolution Of The United States864 Words   |  4 PagesAcross the United States, history classes tell American children are told of the brave colonists dumping tea into the harbor in the name of democracy. There is no doubt that early Americans would go to any length to acquire a representative government. The American Revolution was not simply about gaining independence from Britain, but rather about facilitating becoming a democracy because of its independence. The colonists’ attempts to make America more democratic led to the need for independenceRead MoreThe United States And The American Revolution1382 Words   |  6 Pages Throughout American history, there have been countless monumental events. Learning about the past is a great way to understand where you came from, what happened to make the world how it is today, and to feel connected to your country and your roots. In 1607, the thirteen colonies were founded. These colonies were classified into three different groups, the New England Colonies, the Middle Colonies, and the Southern Colonies. The states included in these groups were New Hampshire, MassachusettsRead MoreThe United States And The American Revolution1707 Words   |  7 Pagesequality has been a subject to question for centuries—a question that has themed English Folklore and sparked radical revolutions in the United States and France. Even in modern America, the idea of all men are created equal† has been a point of contention in various topics ranging from race to riches. Though the United States might not be close to a rebellion scaled to the French Revolution, modern â€Å"Robin Hoods† have agitated the idea of pseudo-equality, by proposing higher taxes on the rich—even if thoseRead MoreThe American Revolution : The United States1377 Words   |  6 Pagescountry it is today. The American Revolution wa s the beginning for the United States. It was a time when the Americans separated themselves from the British and established their own rules and regulations, but it wasn’t easy. In fact it was a very long process that lasted for twenty years. There were twenty five battles fought in this time period, and many innocent citizens died. There were both long and immediate causes of the Revolution, but the most important being that American colonists were not yetRead MoreThe American Revolution : The United States1561 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Revolution The United States officially was born on the 4th July 1776. When thirteen American colonies declared their independence from Great Britain. Independence did not come easily, it took many year of hard and bloody fighting to be won. What happened to drive these colonies to the bloody war against the world’s most powerful nation back then. I will be taking you back in time to the year 1763 twelve years before the revolutionary war began. In the year 1763, a peace treaty wasRead MoreThe American Revolution Of The United States1356 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the history of these great United States of America, the country has always possessed something truly unique: the fundamental principle of being for and by the people. This dynamic has lasted throughout the 241 year history of the United States being an independent nation. Whether it was the American Revolution led by George Washington, the Louisiana Purchase of Thomas Jefferson, the freeing of the slaves by Abraham Linco ln, or even through the grimmer times of the Great Depression, weRead MoreThe American Revolution Of The United States1858 Words   |  8 Pageslittle say in the happenings of their personal lives. The United States before the American Revolution knew this situation all too well. The American colonies dealt with the monarchial rule of Britain reluctantly, eventually seeking independence after facing a myriad of oppressions. This tyrannical rule of Britain’s sparked the signing of the United States’ Declaration of Independence. With newfound freedom and sovereignty, the United States set forth to tackle the challenge of establishing a governingRead MoreThe United States Of The American Industrial Revolution857 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant globally, for the sake of brevity and personal preference, this essay will focus upon the United States of America. The proliferation of transportation systems, the refrigerator, and the telegraph were the most important developmen ts of the American Industrial Revolution as they allowed for western expansion and established a foundation for growth. The growth of the Industrial Revolution depended on transporting people, raw materials, and finished goods over long distances. The expansionRead MoreThe United States During The American Revolution Essay1303 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States during and after the American Revolution was wrought with tremendous societal change and massive upheaval. A new republic emerged with grandiose ideas of civil liberties coupled with intense debates on the inalienable rights of men. As intellectuals across the country debated amongst themselves naturally questions about gender began to spring about. Although the new republic proudly proclaimed that all men were created equal, some, particularly affluent women, began to question

Analysis Of The Walking Dead - 985 Words

Analysis Essay The Walking Dead is a television show that leaves its audience terrified and apprehension at 9 pm on Sunday nights. While members in the audiences are chewing on popcorn, The Walking Dead provides a taste for human cannibalism. The walkers, â€Å"Zombies†, feed on human flesh and have no thought of mortality. The atmosphere of The Walking Dead leaves all its characters with a dreary future until Rick Grimes just waking up from a comma in a hospital shows up with bringing leadership into the group with authority; and leaves the apocalyptic world less dull and grim also bringing hope for the group for surviving. Rick in the episode â€Å"Guts† just being introduced into the group hears a commotion of gunshots being fired from the top of the building. The whole group rushes upstairs to see Merle Dixon firing away at zombies attracting more and more until T Dog confronts Merle. Merle terrifies the whole group impelling T Dog to the concrete demanding leadership until Rick knocks Merle to ground handcuffing him to the roof. This brings hope into the group in which the group without rick the group was too weak to fend for their self and couldn’t of stop Merle from killing T Dog and hurting them. People started looking up to Rick more as a leader. Later on in that episode, Andrea was eyeballing a piece of jewelry wanting that some sort of approval form Rick to take it. Rick â€Å"Why don’t you take it†. Andrea â€Å"Because there is a cop staring at me†. She didn’t want to take itShow MoreRelatedThe Walking Feminist: An Analysis of The Walking Dead1331 Words   |  5 PagesThe Walking Feminist: An Analysis of The Walking Dead On a spring day, three women sit by a lake washing clothes; there are no sounds other than the spattering of water and talk of gossip and the day’s chores that they must accomplish. There are no planes flying overhead, no cars driving on the highway nearby, and no radio—which if ever turned on again would only emit static. During this time, Carol’s husband comes out from a tent and angrily commands them to stop their gossip and get back to workRead MoreThe Walking Dead Analysis1850 Words   |  8 PagesLove encompasses all. â€Å"Sometimes I wonder if you even care about us at all.† As Rick explains to Shane the situation in which Lori, his wife, made this comment to him in front of their son, Carl, in season one of The Walking Dead, you can tell that this was something the stung and really hurt Rick inside. He goes on to say that â€Å"the difference between men and women is a man would never say something so cruel.† This may or may not be true, but the fact that he made this comment shows thatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Walking Dead 1661 Words   |  7 PagesThe Walking Dead is a post-apocalyptic TV show based on a comic book series of the same name. The main character of the show, Rick Grimes, is shot while on a sheriff duty. After awakening from his coma, he discovers that the whole city has been overrun by zombies who run after people and eat them, more commonly known as ‘walkers’. However, he soon realizes that his wife and son are missing. During a hunt for suppli es, he meets another group which happens to be the group his family is living withRead MoreMovie Analysis : The Walking Dead 1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe wildly popular TV series â€Å"The Walking Dead† was created and developed by Frank Darabont and was originally released October 31, 2010. Rick Grimes is the main character. He awakes from a coma to find the world has been taken over by a zombie apocalypse. Rick fight his way out of the hospital only to realize that his family and everyone else from the town has left or been turned into a zombie. Rick sets out on a mission to find his wife and son. along the way he make meets many characters thatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film Dead Man Walking 798 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The theoretical perspective I found most convincing when analyzing the behavior of the main character, Mathew Poncelot, in the film, Dead Man Walking, are the ideologies of sociologist Max Weber. He believed that rather than only focusing on one’s social actions, it is instead important to understand why people do the things that they do (Long-Crowell). Empathizing with individuals and identifying their perspectives explains one’s rationales behind each choice and behavior (Long-Crowell)Read MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Fandom Of The Walking Dead 1167 Words   |  5 PagesFor my ethnography project, I chose to study the fandom of The Walking Dead. For the purpose of this paper, I will refer to The Walking Dead as a comic, a video game, and a TV series. The focus of this ethnography is to understand how the comic book culture influences many fans. Since the series is based on a graphic novel series, and some of the fans are schooled in comic culture; they arrive with li teracy in comic storytelling. Others who are not fans may recognize the visually and narrativeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Dead Man Walking 1564 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1995 film Dead Man Walking portrays the story of Sister Helen Prejean as she struggles to serve as a spiritual advisor to Louisiana death row inmate Matthew Poncelet. The film scrutinizes and criticizes the practice of capital punishment in the United States. The narrative is constructed in such a way that the audience is encouraged to draw their own conclusions, moving through an experience exposed and open to all its effects. It is a sensitive and complex look at Christian forgiveness in theRead MoreFilm Analysis of Dead Man Walking Essay2088 Words   |  9 PagesFilm Analysis of Dead Man Walking For many years, the death penalty has been a punishment for severe crimes. However, the law has long moved on since then, and more humane ways of death have been devised for the few states where the death penalty is still legal. Lethal injection is now the main way of carrying out the penalty, and Texas is the state that uses it most. It is a very controversial punishment and the moral issues of it have been debated for a very longRead MoreAnalysis of Rick Grimes Actions in the Walking Dead Essay993 Words   |  4 Pages Daryl continues to reside with the group. He was present in the attempt to get Glen from the Latino gang hideout and in the later episodes, Daryl contributes to the group as additional manpower. Overall, Daryl is another heroic figure in The Walking Dead. With his adept skills in surviving and hunting, Daryl eventually becomes a valued and respected member. Despite his hateful feelings toward Rick, for leaving his brother behind, Daryl is able to get along with Rick and establish a friendly attachmentRead MoreAnalysis of Criminals in the Films M and Dead Man Walking801 Words   |  3 PagesM and Dead Man Walking present two distinct sorts of criminals: one who is mentally unstable and another who denies culpability in a last ditch effort to save his life. Although both criminals are guilty of heinous crimes, Ms Hans Beckert arouses more sympathy than Dead Man Walkings Matthew Poncelet despite the fact that Beckert killed countless children and Poncelet is responsible for the murder of a young couple. In M, Hans Beckert has been kidnapping and murdering small children in a German

Bloodsucking Fiends A Love Story Chapter 26 Free Essays

string(122) " he had contracted a case of the instant creeping geeks – he offered the joint to Lash, the black business major\." Chapter 26 At the End of the Night†¦ The Emperor worked a wooden match around the end of a Cuban cigar, drawing and checking until the tip glowed like revolution. â€Å"I don’t agree with their ideology,† said the Emperor, â€Å"but we must give the Marxists their due – they roll a fine cigar.† Bummer snorted and growled at the cigar, then shook himself violently, spraying the Emperor and Lazarus with a fine wet mist. We will write a custom essay sample on Bloodsucking Fiends: A Love Story Chapter 26 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Emperor scratched the Boston terrier behind the ears. â€Å"Settle down, little one, you needed a bath. If we vanquish our enemy, it will be through gallantry and courage, not the stench of our persons.† Shortly after sunset a member of the yacht club had given the Emperor the cigar and had invited him to use the club showers. Much to the chagrin of the club custodian, the Emperor shared his shower with Bummer and Lazarus, who left the drain hopelessly clogged with the fluff, stuff, and filth such as heroes are made of. Now they were passing the evening on the same dock on which they had slept, the Emperor savoring his cigar while the troops stood watch. â€Å"Where do we go from here? Must we wait for the fiend to kill again before we pick up the trail?† Bummer considered the questions, working the words over in his doggy brain looking for a  «food » word. Not finding it, he began to lick his balls to remove the annoying odor of deodorant soap. Once he achieved the desired balance (of both his ends smelling roughly the same), he padded around the dock marking the mooring posts against seabound invaders. With the borders of the realm firmly established, he went in search of something dead to roll in to remove the last evidence of the shower. The right smell was near, but it was coming in off the water. Bummer went toward the smell until he stood at the end of the dock. He saw a small white cloud bubbling out over the gunwale of a yacht moored a hundred yards away. Bummer barked to let the cloud know to stay away. â€Å"Settle down, little one,† said the Emperor. Lazarus shook some water out of his ears and joined Bummer at the end of the dock. The cloud was halfway between the yacht and the dock, pulsating and bubbling as it moved across the water toward them. Lazarus lowered his head and growled. Bummer added a high whine to the harmony. â€Å"What is it, men?† the Emperor asked. He put his cigar out on the sole of his shoe and secured the remains in his breast pocket before limping, stiff from sitting, to the end of the dock. The cloud was almost to the dock. Lazarus bared his teeth and snarled at it. Bummer backed away from the edge of the dock, not sure whether to bolt or stand his ground. The Emperor looked out over the water and saw the cloud. It was not wispy at the edges, but sharply defined, more like a solid mass of gel than water vapor. â€Å"It’s just a bit of fog, men, don’t†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He spotted a face forming in the cloud that changed as he watched to the shape of a giant hand, then bubbled into the head of a dog. â€Å"Although weather is not my specialty, I would venture to guess that that is no ordinary fog bank.† The cloud undulated into the shape of a huge viper that reared up, twenty feet over the water, as if preparing to strike. Bummer and Lazarus let go with a fusillade of barking. â€Å"Gents, let us away to the showers. I’ve left my sword by the sink.† The Emperor turned and ran down the dock, Bummer and Lazarus close at his heels. When he reached the clubhouse he turned to see the cloud creeping over the lip of the dock. He stood, watching transfixed, as the cloud began to condense into the solid form of a tall, dark man. The Animals began drifting into the store around midnight, and to Tommy’s delight they all seemed at least as hung over as he was. Drew, tall, gaunt, and deadly earnest, had them sit on the register counters and wait for his medical diagnosis. He walked from man to man, looking at their tongues and the whites of their eyes. Then he walked toward the office and seemed to lose himself in concentration. After a moment he went into the office and came back with the truck manifest. Drew noted the number of cases, then nodded to himself and removed a bottle of pills from his shirt pocket and handed it to Tommy. â€Å"Take one and pass it down. Who drank the tequila?† Simon, who had pulled his black Stetson over his eyes, raised his hand with a slight moan. â€Å"You take two, Simon. They’re Valium number fives.† â€Å"Housewife heroin,† said Simon. Drew announced, â€Å"Everyone drink a quart of Gatorade, a slug of Pepto, three aspirin, some B vitamins, and two Vivarin.† Barry, the balding scuba diver, said, â€Å"I don’t trust that over-the-counter stuff.† â€Å"I’m not finished,† Drew said. From his shirt pocket he pulled an aluminum cigar tube, unscrewed the cap, and tipped it into his hand. A long, yellow paper cone slid out. He held it out to Tommy. It smelled like a cross between a skunk and a eucalyptus cough drop. Tommy raised an eyebrow to Drew. â€Å"What is it?† â€Å"Don’t worry about it. It’s recommended by the Jamaican Medical Association. Anybody got a light?† Simon pitched his Zippo to Drew, who handed it to Tommy. Tommy hesitated before lighting the joint and looked at Drew. â€Å"This is just pot, right? This isn’t some weird designer kill-the-family-with-a-chain-saw-and-choke-to-death-on-your-own-vomit drug, right?† â€Å"Not if used as directed,† Drew said. â€Å"Oh. Okay.† Tommy sparked the Zippo, lit the joint, and took a deep hit. Holding in the smoke – his eyes watering, his face scrunched in gargoyle determination, his limbs contorted as if he had contracted a case of the instant creeping geeks – he offered the joint to Lash, the black business major. You read "Bloodsucking Fiends: A Love Story Chapter 26" in category "Essay examples" There was a thump on the front door, followed by an urgent pounding that rattled the windows. Tommy dropped the joint and coughed, expelling a blast of smoke and spittle in Lash’s face. The Animals shouted and turned, not so much startled by the noise, but tortured by the assault on their collective hangover. Outside the double automatic doors the Emperor pounded on the frame with his wooden sword. The dogs jumped around his feet barking and leaping as if they had treed a raccoon on the roof of the store. Tommy, still gasping for breath, dug into his pocket for the store keys and made his way to the door. â€Å"It’s okay. I know him.† â€Å"Everybody knows him,† Simon said. â€Å"Crazy old fuck.† Tommy turned the key and pulled the doors open. The Emperor fell into the store. Bummer and Lazarus leaped over their master and disappeared down an aisle. The Emperor thrashed around on the floor and Tommy had to step back to keep from having his shins whacked by the wooden sword. â€Å"Calm down,† Tommy said. â€Å"You’re okay.† The Emperor climbed to his feet and grabbed Tommy by the shoulders. â€Å"We have to marshal our forces. The monster is at hand. Quickly now!† Tommy looked back at the Animals and grinned. â€Å"He’s okay, really.† Then, to the Emperor, â€Å"Just slow down, okay. Can I get you something to eat?† â€Å"There’s no time for that. We must take the battle to him.† Simon called, â€Å"Maybe Drew has something to mellow him out.† Drew had recovered the joint and was in the process of relighting it. Tommy closed and locked the door, then took the Emperor by the arm and led him toward the office. â€Å"See, Your Majesty, you’re inside now. You’re safe. Now let’s go sit down and see if we can sort this out.† â€Å"Locked doors won’t stop him. He can take the form of mist and pass through the smallest crack.† The Emperor addressed the Animals. â€Å"Arm yourself, while there is still time.† â€Å"Who?† Asked Lash. â€Å"Who’s he talking about?† Tommy cleared his throat. â€Å"The Emperor thinks that there’s a vampire stalking the City.† â€Å"You’re shittin’ me,† Barry said. â€Å"I’ve just seen him,† the Emperor said, â€Å"at the marina. He changed from a cloud of vapor to human form as I watched. He’s not far behind me, either.† Tommy patted the old man’s arm. â€Å"Don’t be silly, Your Highness. Even if there were vampires, they can’t turn into vapor.† â€Å"But I saw it.† â€Å"Look!† Tommy said. â€Å"You saw something else. I know for a fact that vampires can’t change into vapor.† â€Å"You know that for a fact?† Simon drawled. Tommy looked at Simon, expecting to see the usual grin, but Simon was waiting for an answer. Tommy shook his head. â€Å"I’m trying to get things under control here, Simon. You want to give me a break?† â€Å"How do you know?† Simon insisted. â€Å"It was in a book I was reading. You remember, Simon, you read that one too.† Simon looked as if he had just been threatened, which he had. â€Å"Yeah, right,† he said, pushing his Stetson back down over his eyes and leaning back on the register. â€Å"Well, you ought to just call the loony-bin boys for your friend there.† â€Å"I’ll take care of him,† Tommy said. â€Å"You guys get started on the truck.† He opened the office door and nudged the Emperor toward it. â€Å"What about the men?† asked the Emperor. â€Å"They’re safe. Come on in and tell me about it.† â€Å"But the monster?† â€Å"If he wanted to kill me, I’d be dead already.† Tommy shut the office door behind them. Big hair, Jody thought. Big hair is the way to go with this outfit. After all these years of trying to tame my hair, all I had to do was dress like an upscale hooker and I would have been fine. She was walking up Geary Street, her fake Gucci bag of free cosmetics still in hand. There was a new club down here somewhere and she needed to dance, or at least show off a little. A panhandler wearing a cardboard sign that read, â€Å"I am Unemployed and Illiterate (a friend wrote this for me),† stopped her and tried to sell her a free weekly newspaper. Jody said, â€Å"I can pick that up anywhere. It’s free.† â€Å"It is?† â€Å"Yes. They give it away in every store and cafe in town.† â€Å"I wondered why they were laying out there for the taking.† Jody was angry with herself for being pulled into this exchange. â€Å"It says ‘free’ right there on the cover.† The bum pointed to the sign hanging around his neck and tried to look tragic. â€Å"Maybe you could give me quarter for it anyway.† Jody started to walk away. The bum followed along beside her. â€Å"There’s a great article on recovery groups on page ten.† She looked at him. â€Å"Someone told me,† he said. Jody stopped. â€Å"I’ll give you this if you’ll leave me alone.† She held out the cosmetics bag. The bum acted as if he had to think about it. He looked her up and down, pausing at her cleavage before looking her in the eye. â€Å"Maybe we could work something out. You must be cold in that dress. I could warm you up.† â€Å"Normally,† Jody said, â€Å"if I met a guy who was unemployed and illiterate who hadn’t bathed in a couple of weeks, I’d be standing in a puddle with excitement, but I’m sort of in a bad mood tonight, so take this bag and give me the fucking paper before I pop your little head like a zit.† She pushed the bag into his chest, knocking him back against the window of a closed camera store. The bum offered her the paper tentatively and she snatched it from his hand. He said, â€Å"You’re a lesbian, aren’t you?† Jody screamed at him: a high, explosive, unintelligible expulsion of pure inhuman frustration – a Hendrix high note sampled and sung by a billion suffering souls in Hell’s own choir. The window of the camera shop shattered and fell in shards to the sidewalk. The store alarm wailed, paltry in comparison to Jody’s scream. The bum covered his ears and ran away. â€Å"Cool,† Jody said, more than a bit satisfied with herself. She opened the paper and read as she walked up the street to the club. Outside the club Jody got in line with a crowd of well-dressed wannabees and resumed reading her paper, enjoying the stares of the men on line in her peripheral vision. The club was called 753. It seemed to Jody that all of the new, trendy clubs had eschewed names for numbers. Kurt and his broker buddies had been big fans of the number-named clubs, which made for Monday-morning recount conversations that sounded more like equations: â€Å"We went to Fourteen Ninety-Two and Ten Sixty-Six, then Jimmy drank ten Seven-Sevens at Nineteen Seventeen, went fifty-one fifty and got eighty-sixed.† Normally, that many numbers in succession would have had Kurt diving for his PC to establish trend lines and resistance levels. Jody glazed over at the mention of numbers, which would have made living with the broker a bit of an ordeal even if he hadn’t been an asshole. She thought, I wonder if Kurt will be here. I hope so. I hope he’s here with the little well-bred, breastless wonder. Oh, she won’t care, but he’ll die a thousand jealous deaths. Then she heard the alarm sounding down the street and thought, Maybe I should learn to channel some of this hostility. â€Å"You, in the LED!† said the doorman. Jody looked up from her paper. â€Å"Go on in,† the doorman said. As she walked past the other people on line she was careful to avoid eye contact. One single guy reached out and grabbed her arm. â€Å"Say I’m your date,† he begged. â€Å"I’ve been waiting for two hours.† â€Å"Hi, Kurt,† Jody said. â€Å"I didn’t see you.† Kurt stepped back. â€Å"Oh. Oh my God. Jody?† She smiled. â€Å"How’s your head?† He was trying to catch his breath. â€Å"Fine. It’s fine. You look†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Thanks, Kurt. Good to see you again. I’d better get inside.† He clawed the air after her. â€Å"Could you say I’m your date?† She turned and looked at him as if she had found him in the back of the refrigerator with green growing on him. â€Å"I have been chosen, Kurt. You, on the other hand, are an untouchable. I don’t think you’d be appropriate for the image I’m trying to project.† As she walked into the club she heard Kurt say to the next guy in line, â€Å"She’s a lesbian, you know.† Jody thought, Yep, I’ve got to work on controlling my hostility. The theme of 753 was Old San Francisco; actually, Old San Francisco burning down, which is largely what Old San Francisco used to do. There was an antique hand-pump fire engine in the middle of the dance floor. Cellophane flames leaped from pseudowindows driven by turbine fans. Nozzles in the ceiling drizzled dry-ice smoke over a crowd of young professionals ar-rhythmically sweating in layers of casual cotton and wool. A flannel-clad grunge rocker here; a tie-dyed and dreadlocked Rastafarian there; some neo-hippies; a sprinkling of black-eyed, white-faced New Wave holdovers – looking alienated – contemplating the next body part to have pierced; a few harmless suburban homeboys – here to bust a move, def and phat, in three-hundred-dollar giant gel-filled, glow-in-the-dark, pneumatic, NBA-endorsed sneakers. The doorman had tried to make a mix, but with fashionable micro-brewery beer going for seven bucks a bottle, the crowd was bound to overbalance to the sid e of privilege and form a thick yuppie scum. Cocktail waitresses in fireman helmets served reservoirs of imported water and thanked people for not smoking. Jody slinked onto a barstool and opened her paper to avoid eye contact with a droopy-eyed drunk on the next stool. It didn’t work. † ‘Scuse me, I couldn’t help noticing that you were sitting down. I’m sitting down too. Small world, huh?† Jody looked up briefly and smiled. Mistake. â€Å"Can I buy you a drink?† the drunk asked. â€Å"Thanks, I don’t drink,† she said, thinking, Why did I come here? What did I hope to accomplish? â€Å"It’s my hair, isn’t it?† Jody looked at the guy. He was about her age and balding, not quite finished with what looked like a bad hair-transplant job. His scalp looked as if it had been strafed with a machine gun full of plugs. She felt bad for him. â€Å"No, I really don’t drink.† â€Å"How about a mineral water?† â€Å"Thanks. I don’t drink anything.† From the stool behind her a man’s voice. â€Å"She’ll drink this.† She turned to see a glass filled with a thick, red-black liquid being pushed in front of her by a bone-white hand. The index and middle finger seemed a little too short. â€Å"They’re still growing back,† the vampire said. Jody recoiled from him so hard she nearly went over backward on her barstool. The vampire caught her arm and steadied her. â€Å"Hey, buddy,† said Hair Plugs, â€Å"hands off.† The vampire let go of Jody’s arm, reached across to put his hand on Hair Plugs’s shoulder, and held him fast to his seat. The drunk’s eyes went wide. The vampire smiled. â€Å"She’ll rip out your throat and drink your blood as you die. Is that what you want?† Hair Plugs shook his head violently. â€Å"No, I already have an ex-wife.† The vampire released him. â€Å"Go away.† Hair Plugs slid off the stool and ran off into the crowd on the dance floor. Jody leaped to her feet and started to follow him. The vampire caught her arm and wheeled her around. â€Å"Don’t,† he said. Jody caught his wrist and began to squeeze. A human arm would have been reduced to mush. The vampire grinned. Jody locked eyes with him. â€Å"Let go.† â€Å"Sit,† he said. â€Å"Murderer.† The vampire threw his head back and laughed. The bartender, a burly jock type, looked up, then looked away. Just another loud drunk. â€Å"I can take you,† Jody said, not really believing it. She wanted to break loose and run. The vampire, still smiling, said, â€Å"It would make an interesting news story, wouldn’t it? ‘Pale Couple Destroys Club in Domestic Disagreement. Shall we?† Jody let go of his wrist but stayed locked on his eyes. They were black, showing no iris. â€Å"What do you want?† The vampire broke the stare and shook his head. â€Å"Little fledgling, I want your company, of course. Now sit.† Jody climbed back onto the stool and stared into the glass before her. â€Å"That’s better. It’s almost over, you know. I didn’t think you would last this long, but alas, it must come to an end. The game has become a bit too public. You have to break from the cattle now. They don’t understand you. You are not one of them anymore. You are their enemy. You know it, don’t you? You’ve known it since your first kill. Even your little pet knows it.† Jody started to shake. â€Å"How did you get into the loft to get Tommy’s book?† The vampire grinned again. â€Å"One develops certain talents over time. You’re still young, you wouldn’t understand.† Part of Jody wanted to slam her fist into his face and run, yet another part wanted answers to all the questions that had been running through her mind since the night she was changed. â€Å"Why me? Why did you do this to me?† The vampire stood up and patted her on the shoulder. â€Å"It’s almost over. The sadness of having a pet is that they always die on you. At the end of the night, you are alone. You’ll know that feeling very soon. Drink up.† He turned and walked away. Jody watched him leave, relieved that he was gone, but at the same time disappointed. There were so many questions. She picked up the glass, smelled the liquid, and nearly gagged. The bartender snickered. â€Å"I never had an order for a double of straight grenadine before. Can I get you something else?† â€Å"No, I’ve got to go catch him.† She picked up her paper, got up, ran up the steps and out of the club. She found that if she stayed on the balls of her feet, she could actually run in the high-heeled pumps. Chalk one up for vampire strength, she thought. She grabbed the doorman by the shoulder and swung him around. â€Å"Did you see a thin, pale guy in black just leave?† â€Å"That way.† The doorman pointed east on Geary. â€Å"He was walking.† â€Å"Thanks,† Jody tossed over her shoulder as she took to the sidewalk, waiting to break into a run until she was out of sight from the club. She ran a block before taking off the pumps and carrying them. The street was empty; only the buzz of wires and the soft padding of her feet on the sidewalk broke the silence. She’d run ten blocks when she spotted him, a block away, leaning against a lamppost. He turned and looked at her as she pulled up. â€Å"So, fledgling, what are you going to do when you catch me?† he asked in a soft voice, knowing she would hear. â€Å"Kill me? Break off a signpost and drive it though my heart? Rip my head from my shoulders and play puppet with it while my body flops around on the sidewalk?† The vampire pantomimed flopping, rolled his eyes, and grinned. Jody said nothing. She didn’t know what she was going to do. She hadn’t thought about it. â€Å"No,† she said. â€Å"How can I stop you from killing Tommy?† â€Å"They always betray you, you know. It’s in their nature.† â€Å"What if I leave? Don’t tell him where I’m going?† â€Å"He knows we exist. We have to hide, fledgling. Always. Completely.† Jody felt strangely calm. Perhaps it was hearing the â€Å"we.† Maybe it was talking in a normal voice to someone a block away. Whatever it was, she wasn’t afraid, not for herself, anyway. She said, â€Å"If we have to hide, why all the killings?† The vampire laughed again. â€Å"Did you ever have a cat bring you a bird it had killed?† â€Å"Why?† â€Å"Presents, fledgling. Now if you are going to kill me, please do. If not, go play with your pet while you can.† He turned and walked away. â€Å"Wait!† Jody called. â€Å"Did you pull me through the basement window?† â€Å"No,† the vampire said without looking back. â€Å"I am not interested in saving you. And if you follow me, you will find out exactly how a vampire can be killed.† Gotcha, asshole, Jody thought. He had saved her. How to cite Bloodsucking Fiends: A Love Story Chapter 26, Essay examples

Ritual primitive form of theatre Essay Example For Students

Ritual primitive form of theatre? Essay This issue interested me because of its historical aspect and I felt like I could use my knowledge in pre historic material in favour of writing this essay. I started by looking for exact definition for ritual, I found out that although I could find books that try to define theatre and ritual, most of them end up in dead end. If there was a definition it didnt cover the broad range of rituals.  Oscar G. Brockett in his book The History of the Theatre has few examples of what rituals may have been used for. Ritual may have been a form of knowledge. It might be the way to pass knowledge and preserve it before written language was invented. Rituals may be intended to influence certain events like the rainfall or the change of the seasons. They are often performed to glorify a supernatural power, victory in hunting or in a war. And finally rituals may entertain or give pleasure. As those examples show rituals are used widely and in very varied occasions and purposes and that makes the difference between ritual and theatre very difficult to define. Despite the fact that the difference between ritual and theatre is hard to define many historians have tried to explain how theatre became into existence. One might have suggested that theatre evolved from ritual or from storytelling or perhaps they both slowly side by side became their own way of expressing ideas and emotions or what ever was necessary at the time. I originally thought that rituals were the starting points for theatre. Now that I have read about the different theories about its origins I have found myself wondering about the other possibilities. But as Oscar G. Brockett recognises there is a problem not only because it is hard to define theatre from ritual but because of lack of written evidence.  In seeking to describe the origin of theatre, the historian must rely heavily upon theory, since reliable evidence is lacking. To answer the question how did the theatre come into existence? he must try to imagine a time before there were theatrical elements, and then theorise about how they may have been discovered (The history of the theatre 1986, 1,2) Perhaps story telling was the original source of theatre? Although the theory about ritual being the original source for theatre is popular one can easily imagine how theatre may have developed from storytelling. As stories were told to entertain or to educate people they became well known and the ones telling them started acting first with their face and their hands, but finally with their whole body. But would that be theatre or ritual? Stories would have been educational and entertaining but could that be identified to be theatrical performance? Theatre evolved alongside ritual, this theory is more recent and has many weaknesses. It suggests that theatre and ritual were different from the beginning and the difference for example in some African culture was basically the audience. Rituals were performed in the night to the gods and theatre then performed at daytime for amusement to the whole village wearing different costumes. The obvious weakness of that theory is the fact that if theatre were performed ritual at night-time to the gods, where did the demand for public performance come from? They must have had a ritual that people wanted to see, or a theatre performance that they thought that gods might get amusement out of. So either theatre or ritual must have been first in order to develop the demand for the other. Finally the most common theory is that ritual is the primitive form of theatre. Anthropologists are the first who started to study the origins of the theatre in the late 19th century led by Sir James Frazer and popularised the idea of theatre developing from ritual. One theory suggested that since primitive humans couldnt comprehend the powers of nature they developed rituals in order to have control over them. But as their society became more sophisticated they left the religious context and so rituals became theatre as it was performed out of its religious context. This theory has its weaknesses as well, since these scholars thought that all cultures go through same cultural stages in history. As we look at culture around the world one can clearly see that every culture develops on individual unique way. I have noticed that as I arrived to a new culture here in England and so will anyone who might visit a country with different geographical location or culture.

Changes In Amazon Essays - Amazon Rainforest,

Changes In Amazon During the past several decades, changes in the global climatic pattern has become evident and has attracted much attention from both the general public and the professional environmental organizations. Deforestation is one of the main reasons for these known changes. One of the reasons that cause the disappearing of the Amazon rainforest is industrial logging, which is the single largest problem. Other problems that also contribute to the disappearing of the Amazon forests include road construction, cattle ranching, and the production of wood products, all of which are important factors to be considered. The Amazon rainforest is the world's largest rain forest today, which has 54 percent of the total rainforests that are remaining on the planet. If Amazonia is a country, it would be the ninth largest country in the world. The Amazon is very important because it is a major contributor to the balance of global climatic patterns and because it provides places for variety of living orga nisms. A single pond in Brazil can contain more kinds of fish than are found in all of Europe's rivers. Twenty-five acre of rainforest in Borneo may contain over seven hundred species of trees, which is equal to the number of trees in the whole North America; one single rainforest in Peru has more bird species than the entire United States. One tree in Peru had forty-three different species of ants, which is the estimated to be equal to the number of ant species in the British Isles. The Amazon rainforest is truly amazing. (Taylor, Leslie. Herbal Secrets of the Rainforest. Prima Publishing, Rocklin, CA) (Steen, Harold K., and Tucker, Richard P. Changing Tropical Forests.Forest History Society, 1992) For years, however, the Amazon suffered from non-stop deforestation. It is estimated that, as of 1997, 52 million hactre of Amazon rainforest has been cut down. According to scientific estimation, if such rate of destruction in Amazon is not controlled, nearly 80 to 90 percent of its present ecosystem will be destroyed by the year 2020 (Taylor Leslie, Herbal Secrets of the Rainforest. Prima Publishing, Rocklin, CA). Similarly, the rate of the destruction of rainforests around the world is currently increasing, especially after the year 1997. As Jean-Paul Jeanrenaud, head of the Amazon forest program stated, 1997 will be remembered as the year the world caught fire. During that year, over 200,000 acres of rainforest were cut or burned each day. That is, over 150 acres of rainforests disappeared every minute. At this rate, more than half of the world's tropical rainforest will be cut down for industrial uses in less than 50 years. While it is generally recognized that reforestation pr ograms in the Amazon region are essential to the global climate, the Brazilian economic problems are preventing or delaying the initiation of these programs. Cattle ranching is the primary reason for deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. When the demand in the world for meat increases, more rainforest lands are being destroyed and turned into farmland for animals. By estimation, there are 220 million cattle, 20 million goats, 60 million pigs and 700 million chickens, in South America just to meet the world's demand. (Eden, Michael J. Ecology and Land Management in Amazonia. London, and New York: Belhaven Press, 1990) The cattle ranching program continues to move southward into the center of South American rainforests. Large acres of land in the Amazon rainforest are been cut and burned then reseeded with grass for cattle and other farm animals. Currently, the cattle ranching business in the Amazon rainforest has caused a total of 500,000 acres of rainforest destroyed. This has already effected the natural rainforest's ecosystem. Environmental Issues

HumanitiesGrecoRoman Culture essays

HumanitiesGrecoRoman Culture essays Aristophanes was a "craft" comedy poet in the fourth century B.C. during the time of the Peloponnesian War. Aristophanes' usual style was to be too satirical, and suggesting the outlandish. He shows little mercy when mocking Socrates and his "new-fangled ideas" which were most likely designed to destroy the cohesiveness of society and lead to The most absurd and humorous of Aristophanes' comedies are those in which the main characters, the heroes of the story, are women. Smart One of the most famous of Aristophanes' comedies depicting powerfully effectual women is the Lysistrata, named after the female lead character of the play. It portrays Athenian Lysistrata and the women of Athens teaming up with the women of Sparta to force their husbands to end the To make the men agree to a peace treaty, the women seized the Acropolis, where Athens' financial reserves are kept, and prevented the men from squandering them further on the war. They then beat back an attack on their position by the old men who have remained in Athens while the younger men are out on campaign. When their husbands return from battle, the women refuse to have sex with them. This sex strike, which is portrayed in a series of (badly) exaggerated and blatant sexual innuendoes, finally convinces the men of Athens and Sparta to agree to a The Lysistrata shows women acting bravely and even aggressively against men who seem resolved on ruining the city-state by prolonging a pointless war and excessively expending reserves stored in the Acropolis. This in turn added to the destruction of their family life by staying away from home for long stretches while on military campaign. The men would come home when they could, sexually relieve themselves, and then leave again to continue a senseless war. The women challenge the masculine role model to preserve...

Operations Decision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Operations Decision - Essay Example The company has got systems and strategies which assist their clients meet their goals and objectives. XYZ Inc. has in the past adopted a partnership approach to ensure that they work closely and optimize customer contact strategies to live their clients satisfied, increased revenue and with advanced competitive advantage. The company has assisted a number of businesses to develop software’s that fits their operations and also get them new markets. With the designed outbound solutions the company helps cover full spectrum of the clients products with the mind that there are the voice of the clients’ products. Evaluation of Performance Through its various products, the company aims ensuring customer satisfaction through well managed reduced costs by optimizing the business process to support clients. XYZ Inc. has also developed mechanisms to help customers adopt those strategies that ensure valuable long term relationship with their clients. All these strategies have hel ped XYZ Inc. to remain on top of the game and high speed expansion to a number of countries across the globe. Environmental scanning involves study and in-depth interpretation of factors such as political, economical, political, social and technological events which impact the performance of a business. The analyses of these factors are very important as they help determine whether the company should remain in operation or not. Some of the political factors which can influence manager’s decision include taxation policy, trade regulations, government stability and unemployment policy. Given that XYZ Inc. operates in many countries the management is always keen about various regulations. The instability in Syria currently influenced the closure of the offices in that country. Economic factors are also very important in influencing management’s decision. Some of these are inflation rate, recession and customer liquidation. These factors usually influence the way performan ce as it dictates the company’s sales. Socio-cultural factors that influence the management’s decision include age distribution, religion, education levels, life expectancies, population, and income level. The social factors are important as it dictates the purchasing power amongst the clients. When the socio-cultural factors are healthy and favorable in an economy then the power of the targeted clients to buy will be higher. Technology is very important given that XYZ Inc. deals a lot in technological related services. It usually dictates whether the company is in a position to meet the client’s needs. Some of the technological factors include technological changes, improved distribution channels, improved communication skills. Finally the legal and environmental factors which can also be important to the management include; health and safety law, product safety law, advertising regulations law and the labor laws. All these factors are very important in influen cing the management’s decisions on either to shut or remain in operation. Total Variable Cost = (Number of Employees X Employees Daily Wage) + Other Variable Costs = (100 X 70) + $2000= $9000 Total Cost = Total Variable Cost  +Total Fixed Cost = $ 9,000+ Fixed Cost Worker Productivity = Units of Output per Day / Number of Employees 6,000 units in 20 days= 6,000/20=300 per day 300/100= 3 Total Profit/Loss = Total Revenue –

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 196

Essay Example t there is a functional structure that groups people with similar abilities and competences taking up defined roles and functions within the organization. It would be noted that as part of focus strategy, the institution will be seeking to offer customized services that meet the unique needs of customers (Sprigings and Allen, 2007). Such customized and focused services can however not come if round pegs are put in square holes. By rightly placing the human resource therefore, it will be possible to improve the institution’s overall efficiency. What is more, the use of focus generic strategy is expected to bring about and offer financial sustainability as it is to double as a means by which the hospital becomes competitive by gaining the needed competitive advantage to compete with competitor. As the focus strategy comes on board, the organization will no longer be concerned just about customers who come to the institution to do business with it. Rather, it will be expected that the right customers, marketing niche and product lines are found that come directly under the focus of the institution. As a tool for gaining competitive advantage and for that matter financial growth, the focus strategy ensures that most places within the market where competitors have abandoned are areas that are focused on for market expansion (Berkowitz, 2010). By doing this, financial stability can be said to be guaranteed given the fact that those newly identified markets will become a nursery financial outflow for the institution where it can fall on for its future growth. With all the above said, an important realization is that by bringing on board the focus business strategy, the company will be opening itself up to addressing the needs of stakeholders more directly. This is because as stated earlier, the emphasis of the focused strategy will be to serve customized services. Meanwhile, the hospital has never functioned in isolation but with the joint efforts and collaboration of

Discussion 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Discussion 3 - Essay Example To mean, it takes me back in time to an era when sculpting as an art form was in its artistic infancy. The sculpture has a raw look that boggles the human mind. Cady Noland provided us with an extremely descriptive look at an installation art piece with her installation piece â€Å"This Piece Has Yet To Be Titled† from 1989 on page 173 of our book. Her work defines the parameters by which an installation is defined as artwork. It is installed at an exhibition site that used materials of physical features that already exist on site into the art piece. Nolands piece is a modern artistic expression that the sculptor wished to convey by using modern materials such as beer cans and the like which comprise the whole of the structure including the American flag. You have a very easily understandable definition for a sculpture in the round. Indeed it is a free standing art piece and the fact that you chose Obus as the accompanying physical definition shows that you have a deep and clear understanding of a sculpture in the round. By showing the little girl running under the art work, you clearly define that an art form in the round is one that has to be viewed from many angles and is defined from each angle that we look at it from. It is such a coincidence that we both chose to define an installation with the same art piece. Your unique connection between the location and the materials used clearly illustrate the definition of the word. Your definition of a sculpture in the round is a cut a paste job.The mere fact that you were able to define both the sculpture in the round and an installation in the same sentence proves that you did not take our lesson as seriously as you should have. Although you also chose to define Obus, you did not say anything that proves that you studied the art piece. You did not care to explain the three dimensional aspect unique to the round sculpture. Did you

Quality Management Systems Of Dairy In India Environmental Sciences Essay

Quality Management Systems Of Dairy In India Environmental Sciences Essay In the new WTO led freer trade environment, Indian food industry can compete Globally only if it is price and quality competitive .Due to the liberalization of Indian economy and the onset of WTO regime, quality Competitiveness will matter most in Indian food industry. Hence serious consideration had given to quality issues in Indian food industries. The Indian government is motivating the dairy and other food processing industries for adoption of food safety and quality assurance mechanisms such as Total Quality Management (TQM) including ISO 9000, ISO 14000. Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP). Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Good Hygienic Practices (GMP).And this essay also contains Indian Government Regulations in the Dairy Processing Sector. India has two types of sectors for the marketing of milk and its products, one is organized sector and another is unorganized sector. The unorganized sector accounts for 88% of total milk production in India and it includes marketing of raw milk and traditional products such as locally manufactured ghee, fresh cheese, and sweets. The organized sector accounts for 10-12% of total milk production in India and it includes the dairy cooperatives and organized private dairies which produces Western-style dairy processed products based on pasteurization. The share of organized sector in the total milk production handling is increasing by the years (FAO, 2002). India has now become the largest producer of milk in the world, with estimated production of about 81 million tons in 2001(FAO, 2002).Milk production in India accounts for more than 13% of the total world output and 57% of total Asias production. Top five milk producing nations in the world are India, USA, Russia, Germany and France (http://www.aavinmilk.com/dairyprofile.html). After the formation of World Trade Organization(WTO), there were some instances where foreign buyers refused to accept Indian processed food products from Indian food processing industries which did not follow HACCP system.Due to this Industries which are exporting were paying lare amounts of money to foreign consultants for HACCP Implementation (CM, 1997).And also implementing HACCP system has become mandatory for food companies after the formation of World Trade Organization(WTO) and this is due to HACCP is recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) and the CAC recommendation has been approved by the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) reached under the signs of WTO (Satish Y. Deodhar, 2001). It is an international Body which was established by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) of the United Nations with an objective to protect the health of consumers and to ensure fair practices in the food trade. It gives specifications for International Standards for the safety and quality of food codes of good manufacturing practice. The Standards, guide lines and recommendations specified by Codex Alimentarius commission was recognized worldwide for international trade and negotiations and also for settling of disputes by WTO. (Source: GOVERNMENT OF INDIA OUTCOME BUDGET OF MINISTRY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES FOR 2008-2009) Government of India (GOI) Ministry of food processing industries Financial Scheme for Quality Assurance, Codex Standard 2008-2009. Objectives of this Scheme: 1. Motivating the food processing industries in order to adopt food quality and safety assurance systems such as Total Quality Management (TQM) which includes ISO 9000, ISO 14000 and safety assurance systems such as Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP),Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Good Hygienic Practices (GMP). 2. To make the food processing industries ready to face them to global competition in international trade after the WTO formation. 3. To prepare the food processing industries in such a way that itv will stick to strict quality in hygiene norms. 4. Enhaning the product produced by food processing industries which will accept by overseas buyers. 5. To prepare Indian food processing industry in technologically up to date which will practice international best practices. The Scheme included the following activities: 1. Total Quality Management (TQM). 2. Promoting of Quality Assurance / Safety Concept. 3. Bar Coding. 4. Strengthening of Codex Cell. 5. Upgrading Quality Control Laboratories. 6. Research Development Programmes for food processing industry 1. Total Quality Management (TQM) Ministry of Food Processing Industries (GOI) is running a Plan Scheme which is promoting food processing industries to adopt food quality and safety assurance systems such as ISO 9000, ISO 14000, Hazard Analysis and Critical points (HACCP), Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Good Hygienic Practices (GHP) .And it has assisted 10 food processing units to implement the HACCP, IS09000, GMP, GHP practices during the year 2007-2008. 2. Setting Up/Up gradation of Quality Control Laboratory Strengthening or Setting up or Networking of laboratories will help in introduction of quality and safety systems in food processing industries and maintaining quality of the product at every level of production. Ministry of Food Processing industries (GOI) has started a plan scheme for setting up/ up gradation of quality control laboratory with objectives like ensuring adoption of National food standards, assisting food industries to develop and implement quality management systems such as ISO9000, HACCP etc., analyzing the samples received from food processing industries, and other stake holder and training in the areas relating to quality improvement through own expertise. The Ministry of food processing industries (GOI) has approved financial assistance to the some organizations during the year 2007-2008 for setting up and up gradation of food testing laboratories like Maarc Lab private limited, Pune.,Council for Food Research and Development, Government of Kerala.,Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur.,Pradeshik Cooperative Dairy Fed. Ltd, Lucknow.,. AcharyaN.G. Agricultural University, Hyderabad and A.P. State Agro Industries Dev.Corpn.Ltd. Hyderabad. (Source: GOVERNMENT OF INDIA OUTCOME BUDGET OF MINISTRY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES FOR 2008-2009) Indian Government Regulations in the Dairy Processing Sector: Compulsory legislation 1. Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 The Act was created in Indian Parliament in 1954 in order to prevent adulteration of food and it Rules were formed in the year 1955 .The PFA Act includes food standards, general procedures for sampling, analysis of food, powers of authorized officers, nature of penalties and other parameters related to food. It will give standards to food additives, preservative, coloring matters, packing labeling of foods, prohibition regulations of sales etc. Amendments are incorporated in PFA rules with the recommendation made by the Central Committee of Food Standards (CCFS) which has been setup by Central Government of India under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare comprising members from different regions of the country. The provisions of PFA Act and Rules are implemented by State Government and local bodies as provided in the rules. The provisions of the Act are mandatory and contravention of the rules can lead to both fines and imprisonment. (Source: http://www.fssai.gov.in/PFA.aspx) 2. Milk and Milk Product Order (MMPO) The Govt. of India had announced officially the Milk and Milk Product Order (MMPO) 1992 on 9.06.1992 under the provisions of Essential commodity Act, 1955.According to this order any person or dairy plat handling more than 10000 liters per day of milk or 500 Million tons of milk solids per annum needs to be registered with the registering authority appointed by the Central Government of India. This order aims at to maintain and increase in supply of liquid milk of desired quality in the interests of the general public and also helps in for regulating the production, processing and distribution of milk and milk Products. So far suitable amendments were made by Government of India for this order from time to time in order to make it more liberal and oriented to facilitate the dairy entrepreneurs. The latest amendment was made on 26/03/2002. At present there is no restriction on setting up of new milk plant but requirement of registration is for enforcing the prescribed standards of qua lity and food safety. The salient features of the new amendments include sanitary, hygienic condition, quality, food safety issues and flexible inspection of dairy plant. (Source: http://dahd.nic.in/milkorder.htm) 3. Standards on Weights and Measures (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 1997 These Rules species obligatory conditions should be maintained for all milk and milk products which are in packed form with respect to declarations on quantities contained. And they are operated by the Directorate of Weights and Measures, under the Ministry of Food and Civil Supplies (Government of India). 4. Export (Quality Control and Inspection) Act, 1963 This act was operated by Export Inspection Council (Government of India). According to this Act all exportable milk and milk products should undergo compulsory pre-shipment inspection for quality control. And the quality control and inspection are administered through a network of more than fifty offices located around major production centers and ports of shipment 5. Pollution Control The milk processing industry should take no Objection Certificate from Pollution Control Board which is Compulsory. Voluntary Standards In India there are two organizations which deal with voluntary standardization and certification systems in the food sector. They are: 1. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) BIS has two types of activities, one is formulation of Indian standards in the processed foods sector and the other is implementation of standards through promotion and through voluntary and third party certification systems. BIS standards cover raw materials permitted and their quality parameters, hygienic conditions under which products are manufactured and packaging and labeling requirements.BIS will give ISI mark that can be exhibited on product packages to those manufacturers complying with standards laid down by the BIS. BIS has made mandatory certification for food colors or additives, vanaspati (Hydrogenated vegetable oil), containers for packing, milk powder and condensed milk. 2. Directorate of Marketing and Inspection (DMI) Agricultural Produce (Grading Marking) Act was formed in the year 1937 which had given power to Central Government of India to frame grade standards for agricultural produce. It has formulated certain Standards under scientific manner and is popularly known as AGMARK standards. Recently food safety factors are being incorporated in these standards in order to compete in World trade and they are harmonized with international standards keeping in view the WTO requirements. They will provide Certification to adulteration prone milk products like Butter and Ghee in order to benefit producer/manufacturer and consumer. The Certification mark under the Agricultural Produce (Grading Marking) Act is popularly known as AGMARK. (Source: http://agmarknet.nic.in/right_DMI.htm) Other Government Regulations 1. Industrial License: Normally in India no license is required for setting up a Dairy Project but a Memorandum has to be submitted to the Secretariat for Industrial Approvals (SIA) and an acknowledgment is to be obtained. 2. Foreign Investment: A prior approval from the Secretariat of Industrial Approvals, Ministry of Industry(Government of India) is required in order to Foreign investment in Indian Dairy Industry. 3. Foreign Technology Agreements: It also requires prior approval from the government of India . 4. Import of capital Goods Import of capital goods for dairy processing industry is allowed if it is financed through Foreign Equity and it also need of approval from the Secretariat of Industrial Approvals. 5. Import of Second Hand Capital Goods Second hand machinary can be imported if it meets conditions like minimum residual life of 5 years, equipment age should not be more than 7 years old, certificate from the Chartered Engineers of the country of origin certifying the age , the Residual life is to be produced and import will be allowed only for actual users. (Source: indiadairy.com) The Management Systems Certification (MSC) activity of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS): It consists of a series of activities with which it will assess the capability of an organizations Management Systems such as IS/ISO 9001:2000(Quality Management Systems), IS/ISO 14001:2004( Environmental Management Systems ),IS 18001:2000(Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems),IS15000:1998 ( Food Hygiene Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) System )and the combination of two or more than two systems (integrated management systems) and it will provide third party Certification to the organizations. BIS offers certification to the following standard: IS/ISO 9001:2000: This standard comes under Quality Management Systems Certification Scheme (QMSCS) provided by Bureau of Indian Standards and it is identical to ISO 9001:2000 -`Quality Management Systems . IS does not provide any form of consultancy services for implementation of the requirements of IS/ISO 9001:2000 standard as under its Quality Management Systems Certification Scheme, BIS grants licenses against IS/ISO 9001:2000 standard. Accreditation of BIS QMSCS by Raad voor Accreditatie (RvA), Netherlands, is a testimony of BIS QMSCS operating to internationally accepted criteria. BIS Quality Management Systems Certification Scheme is accredited by RvA for twenty three sectors. IS/ISO 14001: This standard comes under Environmental Management Systems Certification Scheme (EMSCS) and is identical to ISO 14001 -`Environmental Management Systems. This standard helps the organizations to achieve and demonstrate sound environmental performance. It does not provide any form of consultancy services for implementation of the requirements of IS/ISO 14001 but it grants licenses against IS/ISO 14001 standard. IS 18001:2000: This standard comes under Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems and helps in good health and safety performance ensuring an accident-free industrial environment. This will also improves organizations smooth and effective functioning. IS 15000:1998: This standard comes under Food Hygiene -Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) System and it is designed to identify and prevent microbial and other hazards in food production. It helps the producers, processors, distributors, exporters, etc, of food products to utilize technical resources efficiently and in a cost effective manner in assuring food safety .It does not provide any form of consultancy services for implementation of the requirements of IS15000 standard as under its HACCP HACCP-Quality Management Systems (QMS) Certification Scheme but it grants licenses against IS 15000 (HACCP stand-alone certification) or IS 15000 integrated with IS/ISO 9001:2000 standard (HACCP integrated with QMS Certification). The Benefits of BIS Certification for management systems: It improves both internal operational benefits and external marketing advantages of an organization. And it also provide an assurance of consistent quality, pollution prevention, waste reduction, safety and health of employees to highly competitive international market-place, customers, governments, general public, employees and stakeholders . (Source: Bureau of Indian standards Management Systems Certification Quality Manual, issue 1, 2004). Major problem associated with quality standards: Small holders have difficulty complying with SPS/ QUALITY STANDARDS (FAO, 2002). Conclusion: There is need of Training of suitable man power on Quality and food safety management systems such as ISO Standards ,good hygienic practices and good manufacturing practices and application of concept and principles of sanitary and phyto sanitary (SPS ) and Hazard Analysis and critical control point ( HAACP ) systems throughout the food Chain from farmer to consumer , becomes important for producing quality milk products. So, Indian government should take proper measures in order to improve people skill in the quality and safety management systems so that Indian dairy sector Quality and Safety management systems will improve.

The Clean Water Act Of 1977 :: The Clean Water Act

As swans drift with the current on a secluded lake in upper Canada they think not of the water they are in but of dreams of the past and wants for the future. On the other hand, seals off the coast of Northern California fear for their lives every day of humans exploiting their natural habitat. Many things can endanger water born animals, and most all of these come directly from humans. The pollutants of water come from many sources both close and far away from the water body itself. Wastes of humans are the major cause of pollution in the water, such materials include sewage, chemicals among other notable items. First, the composition water: water is odorless, tasteless and a transparent liquid. Though in large quantities water appears to have a bluish tint, it maintains the transparent tendency when observed in smaller quantities. Water covers approximately seventy percent of the Earth's surface in the solid and liquid form. Pollutants can be carried over a great distance by combin ing with evaporating moisture, forming clouds and then the wind taking the clouds to the larger body of water. This process is called acid rain and it is a major source of water pollution. Acid rain has been a problem since the Industrial Revolution, and has kept growing ever since. With acid rain moving over to a fresh water body, the plants and animals could experience pollution that they never had to deal with before and they could possibly die for the sudden change without them having time to adapt, if this is possible. Clean water involves seclusion of lakes and hoping the acid rain does not reach these pure water supplies. Another major source of contaminating clean water are oil spills and how destructively they blanket the shoreline they come in contact with. Although offshore drilling expeditions contribute some to the devastating outcome, oil tankers are the superior enemies toward the water. One estimate is that for every one million tons of petroleum shipped one ton is s pilled. The largest super tanker spill was in 1979 when 3.3 million barrels was spilled off the coast of France. The largest in the United States was the Exxon Valdez in the gulf of Alaska. On the night of March 24, 1989 the 987 foot Exxon Valdez ran aground in the gulf of Alaska spilling 260,000 barrels of oil. With the help of the forceful winds, the slick soon covered about 1,100 miles of shoreline, including many islands in the sound.

Pants

Systematic way of organizing and explaining observations B) hypothetical way of organizing and explaining characteristics of people C) systematic framework for creating a hypothesis based on data and experimentation D) framework based on one's psychological perspective 2. A hypothesis is best characterized as: A) a procedure that precedes a theoretical framework B) any phenomenon that can change from one situation to another C) a systematic way of organizing and explaining observations D) a tentative belief about the relationship between two or more variables .Variables that can be placed on a continuum, such as the degree of happiness or the amount of income, are referred to as: A) dependent variables B) independent variables C) categorical variables D) continuous variables 4. Any variable that is comprised of groupings or classifications such that a person must be in one group or another is referred to as a/an: A) dependent variable B) independent variable C) categorical variable D ) continuous variable 5. I am running an experiment in which my participants have a drink and then drive a car. To ensure that I have good results, my participants shouldA) try hard to drive well when in next in line B) be blind to the results C) be able to explain their observations D) have the same basic procedure so as to minimize unintended variations 6. A subgroup of the population that is likely to be representative of the population as a whole is known as A) a culture B) a sample C) a population D) a subculture 7. Good psychological research uses standardized procedures in order to: A) make sure that a representative sample is being used B) expose participants in a study to as similar procedures as possible C) ensure external validity D) ensure objectivity 8.In order to ensure that the findings obtained with your sample can be applied to the population, your study should involve which of the following? A) stratified sample of subjects B) external validity C) experimenter's di lemma D) all of the above 9. A test that yields relatively similar scores for the same individual over time has which ONE of the following types of reliability? A) test-retest reliability B) integrate reliability C) interim reliability D) contextual reliability 10. If two or more individuals agree on some dimension and give a participant the same score, then that study possesses: A) test-retest reliability 1.Validity is present when: A) the test measures what it is supposed to measure B) measurement reflects truth C) measurement reflects theory correctly D) the test measures the same way each time 12. With regard to face validity, which of the following is true? A) face validity refers to whether or not the measure looks like it measures what it purports to measure B) many researchers go out of their way to make sure their scale does not have face validity C) face validity is the least important type of validity 13.One of the best ways to obtain an accurate assessment off variable i s A) with face validity B) through central reliability C) by using multiple measures D) by using a representative sample 14. Which one of the following is NOT a type of descriptive research? A) case study B) naturalistic observation C) survey D) correlation study 15. A case study is: A) a survey of a person's likes and dislikes B) generalize with little effort C) the study of one individual in great depth D) appropriate for small groups 16.Possible limitations of the case-study method include: A) investigator bias B) small sample size C) lack of generalization 17. The major problem with survey methods is that: A) most people don't want to talk about themselves B) it is hard to question people in their natural environments C) they rely on participants to report on themselves truthfully and accurately D) all of the above 18. Before an experiment begins, the participant must agree to participate in the study.In other words, the participant must provide: A) substantial knowledge B) info rmed consent C) debriefing D) ethical knowledge 19. Debriefing a subject means: A) you briefly explain what will happen in the experiment before you begin B) you explain the purpose of the study and remove any stressful after effects after the artificial is finished C) you have the subject sign a document agreeing to be in the experiment D) you run through the experiment quickly with a participant for practice before you begin collecting data 20.I find that there is a +. 59 correlation between shoe size and intelligence. What can I correctly conclude? A) Having a bigger shoe size causes you to be more intelligent. B) Being more intelligent causes you to have bigger feet and, thus, a bigger shoe size. C) Exercise stimulates both physical growth (resulting in bigger feet) and intellectual growth (resulting in higher intelligence levels). D) Shoe size and

200 FOUNDATIONS FOR GENERAL EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS Ess

GEN/200 FOUNDATIONS FOR GENERAL EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS Ess LEARNING TEAM CHARTER TEAM X Course TitleGEN/200 FOUNDATIONS FOR GENERAL EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS Team Ground Rules and Guidelines What are the general expectations for all members of the team? Be helpful.(Nasa) Complete all assignments, and have them turned in on time.( Joe) Return your assignment on time NO DELAYS ( Tracy) My expectations for time management and involvement would be to have the group discuss somewhat of what their schedule is and when would be a good time to meet as a group. We would also need to establish a good way for all of us to communicate whether it be via email, chat, or even group Skype. We will need to make sure that we all have the time to meet and discuss our assignments (Reeuna) Expectations for Time Management and Involvement (Participation, communication with the team, accessibility, etc.) Get it done because are all effected if you dont (Nasa) All team members participate and communicate with each other, let others in group know there schedule and times they will be available (Joe) Communication is the key (Tracy) Everyone will have their part of the assignment to complete in a timely manner. The work will be evenly spread among the group so that no one will feel as if they are doing more than the other. The communication strategy will be a phone call or email to each member to see how they are progressing in their part of the assignment and to remind them that we have a deadline to meet as a team. If there is any conflict within the team we just make sure to make our team members realize that we are all responsible for the group assignment and we all are going to receive the same grade. We also encourage our members to put aside any issues that they might have and focus on just the assignment (Reeuna) Ensuring Fair and Even Contribution and Collaboration What strategy will you use to ensure that all team members are contributing and collaborating appropriately? Describe the communication strategy you will use if a team member is not contributing and collaborating effectively. How will the team manage conflicts between team members? I will call you, I will e-mail you I will bug you if that is what it takes to gets things done I am good at it.(Nasa) Learn new ways as we move along. If this is the first time in a learning team, use this to make the future experiences better (Joe) I will try to contact all the team member the best was possible but if they fail to complete their assignment then thats there grade and not mine. (Tracy) To make sure that everyone knows one another schedule and have their correct contact information so that are assignments are on time and submitted correctly also an assignment that everyone agrees on (Reeuna) Special Considerations What do you, as a team, agree will make this team experience different from past team experiences? I will be open mind to all new ideas that can benefit everyone.

Free Essays on Escobedo

ESCOBEDO VS. ILLINOIS History: The Supreme Court case, Escobedo v. Illinois in 1964, involved the violations of a person’s right to counsel and of a person’s right to remain silent after being arrested for a crime. Facts: Danny Escobedo was arrested and taken into police headquarters for interrogation in connection with the murder of his brother-in-law. While being held, Escobedo made several attempts to see his lawyer, who was present in the building, but he was denied the right to access him. During this interrogation, the police also failed to advise him of his right to remain silent, and after persistent questioning by the police, he made a self-incriminating statement which was admitted during the trial and helped to convict him of murder. Issues: 1.Does this case violate the 5th Amendment, which gives the suspect the right not to self-incriminate oneself. 2.Does the case violate the 6th Amendment, which prohibits the accused from being denied the right to counsel? 3.Does this case violate the 14th Amendment, which gives the accused the right to due process? Decisions: 1.Yes, the Court ruled that, under the 5th Amendment right of Escobedo had been violated. 2. Yes, the Court ruled that no system worth preserving should have to fear a person’s right to use counsel. 3. Yes, the court ruled that Escobedo had not received his due process. Reasoning: The majority opinion, written by Justice Arthur J. Goldberg, struck down Escobedo’s conviction by a narrow vote of 5 to 4. Justice Byron R. White wrote the minority opinion which said that the right to counsel â€Å"now not only entitles the accused to counsel’s advice and aid in preparing for trial, but stands as an impenetrable barrier to any interrogation once the accused has become a suspect.†... Free Essays on Escobedo Free Essays on Escobedo ESCOBEDO VS. ILLINOIS History: The Supreme Court case, Escobedo v. Illinois in 1964, involved the violations of a person’s right to counsel and of a person’s right to remain silent after being arrested for a crime. Facts: Danny Escobedo was arrested and taken into police headquarters for interrogation in connection with the murder of his brother-in-law. While being held, Escobedo made several attempts to see his lawyer, who was present in the building, but he was denied the right to access him. During this interrogation, the police also failed to advise him of his right to remain silent, and after persistent questioning by the police, he made a self-incriminating statement which was admitted during the trial and helped to convict him of murder. Issues: 1.Does this case violate the 5th Amendment, which gives the suspect the right not to self-incriminate oneself. 2.Does the case violate the 6th Amendment, which prohibits the accused from being denied the right to counsel? 3.Does this case violate the 14th Amendment, which gives the accused the right to due process? Decisions: 1.Yes, the Court ruled that, under the 5th Amendment right of Escobedo had been violated. 2. Yes, the Court ruled that no system worth preserving should have to fear a person’s right to use counsel. 3. Yes, the court ruled that Escobedo had not received his due process. Reasoning: The majority opinion, written by Justice Arthur J. Goldberg, struck down Escobedo’s conviction by a narrow vote of 5 to 4. Justice Byron R. White wrote the minority opinion which said that the right to counsel â€Å"now not only entitles the accused to counsel’s advice and aid in preparing for trial, but stands as an impenetrable barrier to any interrogation once the accused has become a suspect.†...

Validity of qualitative research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Validity of qualitative research - Essay Example ent to which results, as the researcher presents them, are consistent with the offered perceptions by the research participants in a study (Lodico, Spailding and Voegtle, 2010). Many strategies exist for improving validity or credibility in a qualitative research. Extending a study to cover a long period is one of the strategies to improving validity. This offers sufficient time for interaction between a researcher and research participants and reduces chances of misconceptions towards data that do not represent perception of research participants or reality on observed phenomenon. An ethnographic study is an example and longer period allows the researcher to understand cultural values of participants into observed behavior. Triangulation is another strategy for improving validity of a qualitative study. This involves application of more than one strategy in the research process. An example is the use of observation together with interviews in data collection to ensure consistency in collected data. Obtaining validation from research participants is another approach to improving validity or credibility in a qualitative research and may involve secondary con tacts with participants for confirmation of collected data (Yin, 2011). My experience with qualitative research at academic and professional levels justifies this. Studies on perception towards arts for marketing purposes are

It 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

It 1 - Essay Example Furthermore, experts in the IT sector require prior knowledge in business strategies and the technological sector. Therefore, IT management is about management because in all business entities, management usually involves togetherness to accomplish certain objectives using available resources. I think that IT experts have a clear understanding of the business better than other individuals in the business sector. In fact, IT experts have the ability to gain a better understanding of the business. It is quite clear that there is no other department in the business sector which interacts with diverse parties as compared to the IT sector. In fact, in the contemporary world, most activities usually require IT information and skills. This has been significantly attributed to the development in technology. Research asserts that business knowledge and technical knowledge should be merged together to improve the overall functioning of the company. If the business experts and the technological individuals share knowledge, communication can be enhanced significantly in the company. This affirms that the overall performance of a company can be improved by the business manager and the IT experts (Austin, Nolan, and O’Donnell 11). According to Barton, it is quite evident that business knowledge and technical knowledge should be merged together. According to the context, the capability gap is depicted by two hills and a valley between them. One of the hills represents the executive side while the other side represents IT leaders. The executives are supposed to acquire enough understanding of a business to become effective IT experts. This capability gap is brought about by the fact that business executives lack knowledge in IT management. Lack of communication between the business executives and the IT department has also contributed to the capability gap. Barton explains that it is difficult to bridge the

Methods ProjectUsing data from the National Child Development Survey Essay

Methods ProjectUsing data from the National Child Development Survey (NCDS) explore the extent to which the British education system has a meritocratic outcome - Essay Example Social mobility has become an issue even in politics since each and every policy now deals with whether it will allow people to change or rise from the current situation (Marshall, G. & Swift, A. 1996). According to Saunders, P. (1997), mmobility in Britain compares to that in the US only that, that fro Britain is declining since the haves have benefited from education opportunities. According to Scott, J. (1999), class is a matter of social background within which one is brought up in. to him, class is reflected right in our attitudes and in our lifestyles as well as in our talking accents and in the way we dress. To him further, social stratification is a particular way of dividing people in a particular way on emphasis of the idea that, individuals are distributed in levels of social hierarchy due to their economic relations or their economic value. These are real social groupings are able to reproduce themselves over time and are forged together through economic relations and the associated social relations as well as social interactions i.e. groupings of people who have similar occupations, similar marriages, who are kins etc. To Saunders, P. (1997), the interrelations between social stratification and things like gender, ethnicity and age are very complex and all combined structure these social divisions; inequalities are gendered, are racialised and are aged. To him, social exclusion and discrimination which is based on gender and ethnicity generate inequalities in life chances in Britain and other countries. Swift, A. (2002) argues that, surveys of children who were born in the 1950s and the 1970s reveals low mobility due to increasing positive relationship between family income and educational attainment by the children.  According to him, additional education opportunities which allow them to stay in education at age 16 and age 18 benefits children from

A Raisin in the Sun Essay Example for Free

A Raisin in the Sun Essay The significance of Lena Younger in the screenplay and movie A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, directed by Kenny Leon In the movie A Raisin in the Sun derived from the screenplay by Lorraine Hansberry, the character of Lena Younger is effectively portrayed to show the importance of the plant as a symbol of Lena being in possession of a garden to call her own. However, the theme of dreams, especially Lena’s, is not made prominent enough to show Lena as a symbol of African American’s in the 50’s owning a house and moving up in society. In the screenplay of A Raisin in the Sun, Lena Younger is a sensitive mother and grandmother to the Younger household. She is very religious, and demands of her kids to thank God for their lives. This is shown when Lena slaps Beneatha for challenging the idea of God in her life. Lena says, â€Å"Now you say after me, in my mothers house there is still God† (Hansberry 39). This scene is effectively remade in the movie. The actress that plays Lena makes her anger and shock in Beneatha’s comment very believable, which further emphasizes the fact that Lena’s values are portrayed just as effectively in the movie as they were in the written screenplay. Lena also stands up for herself, much like her daughter Beneatha. This is shown in the scene where Lena goes to the market to buy some apples that are in very bad condition. Lena says, â€Å"Got the nerve to be askin’ people thirty-five cents for them apples look like they was on the scene when Moses crossed over Wouldn’t be tryin’ to sell ’em over yonder where I work† (Hansberry 54). In this scene of the screenplay, Lena’s character seemed very headstrong. In the movie however, this quote was not included. Instead Lena told the clerk, in a sarcastic tone, â€Å"Am I being charged for the worms too? † (A Raisin in the Sun), which means that the quality of the apples was not good. Although the scene was different, the point Hansberry was trying to make came across both ways. Lena came across as a headstrong woman who only wants the best and nothing less, within her budget. In these ways Lena Youngers character was portrayed effectively, however, her character has more significance that just good acting. One of the most important symbols in the screenplay A Raisin in the Sun is the plant. Throughout the screenplay and the movie, no one else in the Younger household cares for the plant except for Lena, which is why the symbol directly links to her. In the screenplay, as soon as Lena enters her apartment she goes to open the window. â€Å"Lord, if this little plant dont start getting more sun, it aint never going to see spring again†. (Hansberry 66). This shows that after a long day, she still cares for her feeble little plant, and its growth. In the movie this scene was not portrayed effectively, mostly because the apartment the director chose does not accurately fit the description in the screenplay, thus making the symbolism of the plant ineffective. Despite that, the true symbolism of the plant is that Lena was longing for her own garden, and that was shown effectively in the movie. The quote from the movie corresponding to this scene is â€Å"If that plant don’t get more sunlight than it’s been getting, it’s just gonna give up† (A Raisin in the Sun) which shows that Lena does care for the plant, but can’t do anything about its well-being. Later on in the screenplay Lena starts to get stressed and worried about her children. The only thing she turns to then is her plant, which shows that Lena is in control of at least one thing in her house. When Ruth brings up the fact that Beneatha is home later than usual Lena replies, â€Å"I dont believe this plants had more than a speck of sunlight all day† (Hansberry 76). This could be to direct her worries elsewhere, which makes sense because in other emotional scenes, such as when Lena is hearing about Mr. Linder, the camera focuses in on Lena touching the plants soil with her hands. The reply could also be because she sees her dream in the plant she sees it is in a weak state and that it is barely growing. Lena also sees that Beneatha and Walter, her children, are experiencing new things and are growing to become people of the new generation. Because of this, she may turn to the plant and hope the same for it hope for it to blossom into something better and of that generation. Lena’s dream of owning a garden represents not only her dream, but the dream of all the lower class african americans of the 50’s. Although Lena tries to keep her run down apartment looking polished, she makes it clear that she dreams for bigger things. While conversing with Ruth about when her and Big Walter bought the house Lena said, â€Å" But Lord, child, you should have known all the dreams I had about buying me that house and then fixing it up and making me a little garden in the back† (Hansberry 69), which clearly shows Lena’s dream. Not only does she want a nice garden for herself, but she wants a house for her family, so they can all enjoy living. This scene was not effectively shown in the movie mostly because, as mentioned before, the apartment they were living in did not look run down as was described in the screenplay. Due to this, when the characters were talking about the â€Å"ratty-ness† of the apartment it did not make sense, because their dialogue did not fit the visual. The ultimate dream for african americans of the time was to live in a place full of life, and of course with less rent. The screenplay implies that the apartment is small and that â€Å"weariness has, in fact, won in this room† (Hansberry 23), which means that the room is in poor condition. The movie shows the living room as small but it does not show it as tattered, like the screenplay implied. At that time and now, this is considered poverty, however the movie displays the room as well kept and does not appear worn out, which is what Lena tries to make it seem like. After Mr. Lindner comes to the Younger household, Beneatha, Walter and Ruth explain what he wanted from them, which was to buy their house off of them. Lena does not completely understand at first why he would come, which shows that she does not comprehend that there will be complications with moving into a white neighborhood. â€Å"Father give us strength. (Knowingly and without fun:) Did he threaten us? †(Hansberry 169). This shows that although Lena feels threatened by Mr. Lindner, she does not realize that the new generation does not directly say what they feel. This creates the tone that, just like Beneatha and Walter have been telling Lena, she is not educated enough on the new generation. Since Lena represents the African Americans of the 50‘s expanding in society, it was ineffectively shown in the movie and the screenplay, because of he automatic assumption that they were threatened. All in all, the character of Lena is ineffectively portrayed in the movie to symbolize what the african american’s of the 1950’s should have been like. Taking a look at Lorraine Hansberry’s idea of having a character like Lena in the screenplay, one understands that she is a statement rather than just a character with a dream. Lena Younger is a statement to show that women in the 1950‘s can work all day to provide for their families and still be caring rather than miserable. The condition the Youngers were living in was one where Lena could easily have been sour to her family members rather than nurturing. This is what Hansberry wanted to show. Also the plant symbolizes Lena’s nurturing side, that she will do anything to make the people (or things) she cares for grow and succeed. Overall, the directors of the movie A Raisin in the Sun did a decent job in interpreting Lena’s role in the screenplay.